Top＞Forming Machinery＞What is Forming Machinery?＞Press/Sheet Metal/Forming/Safety Equipment |
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What is Forming Machinery? ◆ JFMA's Technology Guide of Forming Machine.pdf(9.5MB) |
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What is「Forming」？ Generally, people are not familiar with this word and it is pronounced in Japanese "TAN-ATSU". In 1939, when the Ministry of Commerce and Industry of Japan classified respective business fields, this word "Forming Machinery" may be produced as a coined word for overall naming of Forging Machine, Press Machine, Press Brake (Pressure Forming), etc. In general, "Forming Machinery" means the secondary metal processing machines such as metal processing machines and metal forming machines other than machine tools (the machines to cut by the tool). For reference, the primary metal processing machine means the machine to produce steel shapes, steel plates, etc. and the secondary processing machine is the machine to produce products from the steel produced from the primary machine.
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The forming machinery covers various types of machines, and a brief introduction of respective types of machines is shown is described below.
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The press machine can mainly be
divided into the mechanical press
and the hydraulic press.
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Mechanical Press |
To Regular Members |
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The rotation of electric motor is converted into sliding straight-line motion by the mechanical mechanism, and this press is to form metals in die system. Due to high productivity of this press, more than 90% of press machines fall into this type. |
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Gap Press |
To Regular Members |
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The press of this type is also called power press or gap press, and has very wide applicability as well as its high workability. However, due to its single structure, the capacity will be limited to 2,500kN at the highest.
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Straight Side
Press |
To Regular Members |
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Straight Side Press is so called a portal type or four-column type press and has an assembled frame structure, and is a high rigid press that has a slide and bolster in each of the four columns. Most of large-scale presses of exceeding 2,500kN in capacity belongs to this type. |
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Transfer Press |
To Regular Members |
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Mainly Straight
Side Presses, and
multiple
operations can
be carried out
continuously by
transfer
equipment by means of plural dies installed
in one press.
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High Speed
Automatic
Precision Press |
To Regular Members |
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Mainly Straight Side Presses which can carry out its operation in high speed (300spm-several 1,000spm) in order, and has a high rigidity and accuracy. Presses of this type are mostly applied to the production of lead frames, connectors and motor cores. |
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Servo-press
(Machines
classified by
the Association
Standards
TI-103) |
To Regular Members |
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By means of servo-motor driving, the adjustment and setting of sliding speed and other motion(s) can be performed freely, and this type press is rapidly increasing in use because of its possibility of improving the product accuracy, forming of hard-to-process materials, longer dies life, and productivity. |
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Powder (metal
powder) Forming
Press |
To Regular Members |
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The press is to
form metal
powders by
compression. |
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Incremental
Forming
Machine
(Die-less NC
Forming
Machine)
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To Regular Members |
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In
accordance
with NC Data
of metal,
metal plate
to be
processed is
pressed by
the moving
tool as
contour
lines and
sequentially
formed to
the final
product
shape, and
accordingly
dies
for pressing
is not
required for
this
process.
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Screw Press
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To Regular Members |
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The screw press is a general term for stamping machines that generate the press power inside frames with the rotation of one or more pairs of male and female screws.
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Hydraulic
Press
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To Regular Members |
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The hydraulic press is used in the special field that mechanical press cannot perform effectively. Most of this type presses are oil hydraulically operated ones.
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Hydraulic
Press for
general use
(Gap Press,
Straight Side Press,
etc.)
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To Regular Members |
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This type of press has various kinds such as Gap Press, Straight Side Press, top-driving type or under driving type, etc., and has characteristics of performing deep drawing and deep bending with its long stroke.
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Hydraulic
Servo Press
(Hydraulic
pump
directly
driven by
servo-motor)
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To Regular Members |
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This is a
hydraulic
servo press
directly
driven by
the
servomotor.
However, the
hydraulic
press using
the servo
valve
(proportional
electro-magnetic
valve) is not
subject to
the servo
press of
Association
Standards
TI-103.
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Fine
Blanking
Press
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To Regular Members |
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The press of this type is a triple action press of high accuracy for precision blanking and/or punching. This type press can perform the forming of single operation and the complicated forming with multiple operations, and is widely used from production of automobile parts to the parts in IT industry.
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Die Spotting
Press
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To Regular Members |
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At the time of manufacturing, repairing or revising the die, this press has the function to carry out the adjustment of die (i.e. die matching) safely and speedily.
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Hydro-forming
Press |
To Regular Members |
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Steel pipe, to
which
pre-forming such
as bending or
swaging is
performed, is
set in dies and formed
to a final shape
by expanding the
pipe by the
pressure of
liquid |
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Powder
Forming
(metal
powder)
Press
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To Regular Members |
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This press
is to form
metal
powders to
desired
shape by
pressure.
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Forging machine |
To Regular Members |
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Forging machine can be divided into two types, i.e. the machine belonging to press machines and the specialty forging machines. |
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Cold Forging Press |
To Regular Membersへ |
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Due to high deformation resistance of plate, in comparison with sheet metal forming, at the cold forging work, this type of press has a high rigidity to bear concentrated loads and has a high working energy. There are two types, i.e. mechanical type of press and hydraulic type one. |
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Hot Forging Press |
To Regular Members |
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In order to form the hard materials or materials of complicated shape, the materials to be forged are formed by this type press after heating up to around 800～1,200degrees Celsius. There are mechanical presses and hydraulic presses. |
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Hot Spring Forming Press |
To Regular Members |
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This is a
specific press
to form springs. |
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Header |
To Regular Members |
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The header is a
horizontal type
machine to
produce bolts,
nuts, etc. from
coiled steel
through 2～5
processes. |
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(Parts) Former |
To Regular Members |
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The parts former
is a horizontal
type machine to
produce various
parts mainly
from coiled
steel through
5～7 processes. |
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Wire Forming Machine |
To Regular Membersへ |
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This machine is to carry out various processes of drawing/stranding of wire materials or bar steel. |
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Wire Drawing Machine/Wire Stranding
Machine |
To Regular Members |
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Wire Drawing Machine/Wire Stranding Machine is a kind of wire forming machine to produce electric wires, wire ropes, special steel wires, tire cords, steel wires, etc. |
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Rolling Machine |
To Regular Members |
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This is the machine to form screws, worm gears, knurling tools, serrations, splines, etc. by
means of rolling
dies.
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Bending Machine |
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This is the specific machine to perform bending work other than press brake. |
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Bending Roll |
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The machine is to perform round bending of steel plate by means of 2 or more rolls. |
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Pipe Bender |
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This machine is to perform bending of pipe materials. |
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Sheet Metal
Processing
Machines |
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Press Brake |
To Regular Members |
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This machine
is to
perform
straight
line bending
for steel
plates of
longer and
shorter
length,
which is
C-shaped
frame
structure
and mainly
oil
hydraulic
type but
servo
driving type
and
mechanical
type are
available
also. |
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Panel
Bending
Machine |
To Regular Members |
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The machine
is also
called
"Panel
Former" and
can
automatically
perform the
box bending
by means of
a dies
equipped. |
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Shearing
Machine |
To Regular Members |
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This is a machine to cut steel plate, like the scissors in principle, by a pair of long blades installed at upper and lower side. Majority is a hydraulic type, but mechanical type is also available. |
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Punching
Press |
To Regular Members |
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The machine is
to perform
cutting and
forming by using
the dozens of punch-die sets prepared
on the turret.
Servomotor
driving type is
increasing.
Exactly
speaking, this
is a kind of
press machines,
but the
Association
classifies in
the category of
sheet metal
processing
machines.
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Laser
Cutting
Machine |
To Regular Members |
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This is a
cutting machine
by means of
converting laser
beam into heat
energy.
Electrical
energy is used
for this
machine, and the
Association
classifies in
the category of
sheet metal
processing
machines from
the viewpoint of
purpose of use
and kind of
user.
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Plasma
Cutting
Machine |
To Regular Members |
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This is a
cutting machine
by converting
plasma arc
generated
between the
electrode and
the material
into high
temperature and
high pressure.
Electrical
energy is used
for this
machine, and the
Association
classifies in
the category of
sheet metal
processing
machines from
the viewpoint of
purpose of use
and kind of
user.
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Pipe Cutter |
To Regular Members |
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This machine is
to perform
cutting of pipe
materials. |
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Roll Leveler |
To Regular Members |
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This machine is
to rectify the
bend and/or
deformation of
materials. |
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Automation/Safety Equipment, etc. |
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Feeder |
To Regular Members |
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This is an automatic
equipment to feed
coiled materials,
plate materials into
press machine. |
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Coil Feeder Line |
To Regular Members |
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This is an automatic equipment to
feed coiled materials into press
machine. |
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Leveler Feeder |
To Regular Members |
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This is a kind
of feeder to
supply coiled
materials of the
set quantity
sequentially
required from
press machine
while the
machine is
rectifying bend
and/or
deformation. |
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Robot Line |
To Regular Members |
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This is an automatic robot system
for transportation of materials or
intermediate products between the press machines. |
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Light Beam Type Safety Device |
To Regular Members |
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PSDI |
To Regular Members |
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This is a safety
system so that
the press
machine may
commence its
operation when
the human hand
moved out from
the press for
manual feeding
operation. |
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Load Monitor |
To Regular Members |
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This is a monitor to detect overload. |
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Rebuilding(Rebuilding Work) |
To Regular Members |
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This is to
maintain and/or
to improve the
performance of
machine by the
retrofit
including
overhaul. |
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Inspection services for the specific Power Press |
To Regular Members |
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This is the inspection services provided for specific Power Press products,which requires the inspection once a year. |
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